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The Canvas Business Model is a visual tool used to map out the key elements of a business model in a structured and organised way. Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur developed it and is widely used by entrepreneurs, startups, and established businesses.
The Canvas Business Model consists of nine key building blocks that are organised into four categories: customer, value proposition, infrastructure, and financials. These building blocks are:
•	Customer Segments: The different groups of customers that the business aims to serve.
•	Value Proposition: The products or services that the business offers to meet the needs of its customers.
•	Channels: The methods by which the business reaches and interacts with its customers.
•	Customer Relationships: The types of relationships the business establishes and maintains with its customers.
•	Revenue Streams: The ways the business generates revenue from its customers.
•	Key Activities: The most important actions the business must take to deliver its value proposition.
•	Key Resources: The assets, resources, and capabilities the business needs to deliver its value proposition.
•	Key Partnerships: The other organizations or individuals the business relies on to deliver its value proposition.
•	Cost Structure: The expenses incurred by the business in delivering its value proposition.
By mapping out these key elements on the canvas, businesses can better understand their overall strategy, identify potential opportunities for growth and improvement, and communicate their business model to stakeholders.

The PESTAL model is a strategic analysis framework used to evaluate the external macro-environmental factors that can affect a business or organization. The acronym PESTAL stands for:
•	Political: factors related to government policies, regulations, and political stability that can impact the business. Examples include tax policies, trade restrictions, labor laws, and political instability.
•	Economic: factors related to economic conditions, such as inflation rates, interest rates, exchange rates, and the overall state of the economy. These factors can impact consumer behavior, demand for products and services, and the availability of resources.
•	Social: factors related to social and cultural trends, such as demographics, lifestyle choices, consumer attitudes and values, and social media influence. These factors can impact consumer behavior and demand for products and services.
•	Technological: factors related to technological advancements and innovation, such as automation, digitalization, and the development of new products and services. These factors can create new opportunities for businesses, but also create new challenges and competition.
•	Environmental: factors related to environmental sustainability and concerns, such as climate change, natural disasters, and resource depletion. These factors can impact the availability and cost of resources, as well as consumer attitudes towards environmentally-friendly products and services.
•	Legal: factors related to laws and regulations that can impact the business, such as labor laws, intellectual property protection, and consumer protection regulations.
The PESTAL model is a useful tool for businesses to identify and evaluate external factors that could impact their operations, as well as identify potential opportunities and threats. By analyzing each of these factors, businesses can develop strategies to adapt to changing conditions and position themselves for success.

Glossary

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Canvas Business Model

PESTAL MODEL